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英媒称两场战争让解放军明白不能再靠农民军

英国《经济学家》11月23日文章，原题：保持警惕 副题：经济成就给了中国更大分量，但尚不足以打破平衡

1980年中国占全球产出的比重才2.2%，未来10年将跃升至20%。不久前中国人还活在围墙内，如今满世界找原材料。中国是亚洲多数国家的最大贸易伙伴，其外交受到似乎无穷的大订单支持……外界看来，中国经济将彻底改变世界。但鲜被提及的问题是，北京究竟如何将被追捧的经济奇迹转化为地缘政治力量。

自然，中国变得越来越自负。财富增长刺激了权力欲望，它要求更多尊重，不愿意接受拒绝。财富增长为打造强军提供了资金。目睹美国的精确武器在海湾战争和科索沃发挥破坏性威力后，中国认定不能再依赖农民大军。苏联的崩溃又说明与美国军备竞赛的危险。于是北京将资源集中于两点：能武力夺取台湾和阻止美国军舰进入其沿海。中国潜艇、导弹、太空和网络武器并用，希望阻挠拥有航母和海外基地的美国。

然而，在经济、军事和外交每个领域，中国打破美国体系的空间仍然有限，可能今后多年都将如此。

一个经济体的地缘政治效应，不仅源自经济产出，也源自财富。中国人均收入仍与匈牙利相当，还不及美国人一半富有。美国的技术、人力和金融资本更雄厚，在地缘政治上，这些都比中国单纯的人头数更有效。


此外，中国经济繁荣离不开与外界的密切联系，挑战美国必然对其经济增长造成重创。北京若试图抛售巨额美债，不仅会损失投资，还会受累于由此导致的全球衰退，中国作为投资者和供应者的名声也将毁于一旦。对一个通过贸易而繁荣的经济体而言，这像自杀。若为国家荣耀而牺牲商贸，中国不仅会丧失最大客户，且其经济仰赖的霍尔木兹和马六甲海峡都处于美国控制下。打造蓝水海军是个办法。但即便中国继续增加、美国继续削减军费，双方差距仍会巨大。更重要的是，别忽视美军在战斗中积累的经验，而中国的作战系统和学说从未经历实战检验。

俄罗斯目前是中国最有用的盟友，但若北京真挑战美国，莫斯科或许惊慌失措，且中俄间的问题由来已久。而柬埔寨、巴基斯坦等国在挑战美国方面帮不上什么忙……中国挑战只是地区性的，对美国霸主之位不构成挑战。即便构成，也要在军事和外交上翻越大山，世界会有几十年的预警。

(原标题：英媒称两场战争让解放军顿悟不能再靠农民军队)

河南开封农信社招考现阴阳成绩单：29分变85.5

有网友近日以“开封农信社还我们考生公平”为题在网上发帖，举报河南开封市农村信用社在2013年员工招聘考试中批量修改考生成绩：“有24个人的成绩改动过，从三四十分改成80多分，进了面试。”

记者调查发现，开封农信社此次招考确实疑点重重，不仅出现两份不同的成绩单，在考生举报后，开封农信社又发布了不同的面试名单，最初面试名单中被举报的24人在最新发布的面试名单中不见踪影，另外20名成绩靠前的考生入替。

【事件】

阴阳成绩单：24人改分

今年10月31日，河南省农村信用社联合社开封市办公室发布2013年开封市农村信用社招考公告，宣布其辖内兰考、杞县、通许、尉氏四县农村信用合作联社计划面向全省招聘工作人员120名。11月16日全省2000余名考生进行了笔试，11月19日，面试人员名单及成绩公布。

一位考生向记者反映，他从河南农信社官方网站下载了用EXCEL表格制作的面试名单，发现里面只有进入面试的187名考生的成绩，其他考生的成绩并不在其中。后来，经过熟悉EXCEL使用方法的人士指点，他发现这份EXCEL表格中还有一份隐藏的成绩单，这份成绩单显示了所有参加此次招考的考生姓名及成绩。

令他感到意外的是，通过对比，他发现进入面试名单的考生中，有24人在两份成绩单中成绩不符，他们在完整版成绩单上的成绩只有三四十分，而在进入面试人员成绩单上，他们的成绩却变成了80多分。

记者拿到了这份EXCEL表格，发现确如这位考生所说。记者发现，有些考生在完整版成绩单上成绩只有29分，却进入了面试名单，成绩也变成了85.5分，若按照完整版成绩单上的成绩，这些成绩不符的考生均无法进入面试名单。

【追访】

新名单：改分者全未入围

这位考生说，他们发现这种情况后，向河南省银监局、河南省农信社等部门反映，目前，没有任何部门给他们说法。不过，他们反映后，开封农信社又发布了一份面试名单，入围人员同第一份面试名单并无不同，唯一不同的是，这份用EXCEL制作的面试名单中，已无法找到那份隐藏的完整版成绩单。

不过，21日晚，开封农信社发布了第三份面试名单，并发公告称，由于委托承办笔试阅卷工作的第三方在成绩汇总时出现技术故障和失误，造成部分考生成绩错乱，他们发现后立即组织进行了认真核查，现将核实后的成绩及进入面试人员名单予以公布。

记者发现，这份面试名单的入围人员同前两份相比发生了较大变动。被举报的24人全部消失，成绩排序靠前的另外20人入替，最终入围人数也从187人，变成了183人。

【回应】

农信社：系技术故障，承认把关不严

22日，开封农信社纪检监察室一位张姓主任称，第三方是谁不方便告知，什么样的技术故障她并不了解。


此后，开封农信社一位负责人联系记者称，此次招考委托给了上海一家第三方，成绩汇总之后，第三方给了他们一份入围名单和成绩，他们并未同原始成绩进行核对，便上报发布，考生反映后，他们立即调查，发现第三方因为技术故障导致入围成绩部分存在错误，便立即进行了纠正，这一过程中，他们确实存在把关不严之处，今后的面试等环节，他们将引以为戒，严格把关。

对此，一些考生称，技术故障怎么能解释24个人的成绩发生改动，举报后，这24个人立马从最新的面试名单中消失，反而，更说明其中存在猫腻。希望相关部门能对此予以彻查。

据新华社

How to Call Web Service in Android Using SOAP

Introduction

In this tutorial, we will learn how to call a Web Service using SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol). 

Prerequisites

Web Service, SOAP envelope, WSDL (Web Service Definition Language)

What is SOAP?

SOAP is a protocol specification for exchanging structured information in the implementation of Web Services in computer networks. It relies on Extensible Markup Language (XML) for its message format, and usually relies on other Application Layer protocols, most notably Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), for message negotiation and transmission. The following is the structure of SOAP Envelope:



Step 1:

First create a "New Android Project". Name it "WebServiceDemo" like below.







Step 2:

Now right-click on your "WebServiceDemo" project and select "New -> Folder"




Now, give it a name it "lib". We need to add a SOAP library into this directory.



Step 3:

Now download the attached library named "ksoap2-android-assembly-2.6.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar". Copy that file and paste it into the "lib" directory.

After copying, do the following steps:

1. Right-click on the project.
2. Go "Build Path -> Configure Build Path"
   
   
    
3. Now, click on "Add Jars" and select ".jar" file from "project -> lib" directory.
   
   
    
4. Click on "Ok" to finish the procedure of adding library to Android application.

Step 4:

Next we need to create a layout of screen. To do so, go to "WebServiceDemo -> res -> layout -> main.xml"
Open this xml file in editing mode, and place below code.

Main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:layout_width="match_parent"

    android:layout_height="match_parent"

    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView

        android:id="@+id/textView1"

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:text="Fahrenheit"

        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />

    <EditText

        android:id="@+id/txtFar"

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <requestFocus />

    </EditText>

    <TextView

        android:id="@+id/textView2"

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:text="Celsius"

        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />

    <EditText

        android:id="@+id/txtCel"

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <LinearLayout

        android:id="@+id/linearLayout1"

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <Button

            android:id="@+id/btnFar"

            android:layout_width="wrap_content"

            android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:layout_weight="0.5"

            android:text="Convert To Celsius" />

        <Button

            android:id="@+id/btnCel"

            android:layout_width="wrap_content"

            android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:layout_weight="0.5"

            android:text="Convert To Fahrenheit" />

    </LinearLayout>

    <Button

        android:id="@+id/btnClear"

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:text="Clear" />

</LinearLayout>

This will create simple following screen.




Step 5:

Now, find out any Web Service, make sure that you can view its WSDL file by writing "?wsdl" after that address.

For example, you have a web service like http://www.w3schools.com/webservices/tempconvert.asmx",  so to view the WSDL file, simply write "?wsdl" after this address like:
http://www.w3schools.com/webservices/tempconvert.asmx?WSDL".  

You are now done with the Web Service part from the internet. Now you need to extend some portion of the WSDL file. Open the first link in your browser, it will display 2 conversions for you:

• CelsiusToFahrenheit
• FahrenheitToCelsius

Select anyone of them, and you will see following screen:



For CelsiusToFahrenheit:

1. SOAP_ACTION = "http://tempuri.org/CelsiusToFahrenheit";
2. NAMESPACE = "http://tempuri.org/";
3. METHOD_NAME = "CelsiusToFahrenheit";
4. URL = "http://www.w3schools.com/webservices/tempconvert.asmx?WSDL";

For FahrenheitToCelsius:

1. SOAP_ACTION = "http://tempuri.org/FahrenheitToCelsius";
2. NAMESPACE = "http://tempuri.org/";
3. METHOD_NAME = " FahrenheitToCelsius ";
4. URL = "http://www.w3schools.com/webservices/tempconvert.asmx?WSDL";
    

Step 6:

You need to understand some classes before proceeding to use a Web Service.

1. SoapObject ( 
   
   A simple dynamic object that can be used to build SOAP calls without implementing KvmSerializable. Essentially, this is what goes inside the body of a SOAP envelope - it is the direct subelement of the body and all further sub elements. Instead of this class, custom classes can be used if they implement the KvmSerializable interface.
   
   Constructor:
   
   SoapObject (java.lang.String namespace, java.lang.String method) 
    
2. SoapSerializationEnvelope
   
   This class extends the SoapEnvelope with Soap Serialization functionality.
   
   Constructor:
   SoapSerializationEnvelope (int version)
   
   Fields:

   Type	Field	Description
   boolean	dotNet	Set this variable to true for compatibility with what seems to be the default encoding for .Net-Services.

   Methods:

   Return Type	Method Name	Description
   void	setOutputSoapObject(java.lang.Object soapObject)	Assigns the object to the envelope as the outbound message for the soap call.

   
   
3. HttpTransportSE (org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE)
   
   A J2SE based HttpTransport layer.
   
   Constructor:
   
   HttpTransportSE(java.lang.String url)
   
   Method:

   Return Type	Method	Description
   void	call(java.lang.String SoapAction, SoapEnvelope envelope)	set the desired soapAction header field

Step 7:

Open your "WebServiceDemo -> src -> WebServiceDemoActivity.java" file and enterr following code:

WebServiceDemoActivity.java

import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope;

import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject;

import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope;

import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.EditText;

import android.widget.Toast;

public class WebServiceDemoActivity extends Activity

{

    /** Called when the activity is first created. */

      private static String SOAP_ACTION1 = "http://tempuri.org/FahrenheitToCelsius";

      private static String SOAP_ACTION2 = "http://tempuri.org/CelsiusToFahrenheit";

      private static String NAMESPACE = "http://tempuri.org/";

      private static String METHOD_NAME1 = "FahrenheitToCelsius";

      private static String METHOD_NAME2 = "CelsiusToFahrenheit";

      private static String URL = "http://www.w3schools.com/webservices/tempconvert.asmx?WSDL";

      Button btnFar,btnCel,btnClear;

      EditText txtFar,txtCel;

     

    @Override

    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)

    {

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.main);

       

        btnFar = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btnFar);

        btnCel = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btnCel);

        btnClear = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btnClear);

        txtFar = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.txtFar);

        txtCel = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.txtCel);

       

        btnFar.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()

        {

                  @Override

                  public void onClick(View v)

                  {

                        //Initialize soap request + add parameters

                  SoapObject request = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, METHOD_NAME1);       

                 

                  //Use this to add parameters

                  request.addProperty("Fahrenheit",txtFar.getText().toString());

                 

                  //Declare the version of the SOAP request

                  SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

                 

                  envelope.setOutputSoapObject(request);

                  envelope.dotNet = true;

                 

                  try {

                        HttpTransportSE androidHttpTransport = new HttpTransportSE(URL);

                       

                        //this is the actual part that will call the webservice

                        androidHttpTransport.call(SOAP_ACTION1, envelope);

                       

                        // Get the SoapResult from the envelope body.

                        SoapObject result = (SoapObject)envelope.bodyIn;

                        if(result != null)

                        {

                              //Get the first property and change the label text

                              txtCel.setText(result.getProperty(0).toString());

                        }

                        else

                        {

                              Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "No Response",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                        }

                  } catch (Exception e) {

                        e.printStackTrace();

                  }

                  }

            });

       

        btnCel.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()

        {

                  @Override

                  public void onClick(View v)

                  {

                        //Initialize soap request + add parameters

                  SoapObject request = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, METHOD_NAME2);       

                 

                  //Use this to add parameters

                  request.addProperty("Celsius",txtCel.getText().toString());

                 

                  //Declare the version of the SOAP request

                  SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

                 

                  envelope.setOutputSoapObject(request);

                  envelope.dotNet = true;

                 

                  try {

                        HttpTransportSE androidHttpTransport = new HttpTransportSE(URL);

                       

                        //this is the actual part that will call the webservice

                        androidHttpTransport.call(SOAP_ACTION2, envelope);

                       

                        // Get the SoapResult from the envelope body.

                        SoapObject result = (SoapObject)envelope.bodyIn;

                        if(result != null)

                        {

                              //Get the first property and change the label text

                              txtFar.setText(result.getProperty(0).toString());

                        }

                        else

                        {

                              Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "No Response",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                        }

                  } catch (Exception e) {

                        e.printStackTrace();

                  }

                  }

            });

       

        btnClear.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()

        {

                  @Override

                  public void onClick(View v)

                  {

                        txtCel.setText("");

                        txtFar.setText("");

                  }

            });

    }

}

Step 8:

Now, open your "WebServiceDemo -> android.manifest" file. Add the following line before the <application> tag:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

This will allow the application to use the internet.

Step 9:

Run your application in the Android Cell. You will get the following outcome:

Note: In the emulator, we need to fix a proxy, so try the application in an Android Cell.



Summary

In this brief tutorial, we learned about Web Services, SOAP envelopes, WSDL files, HTTP transport, and how to use the in an Android application.
 

Article Extensions

Contents added by pugazhendhi p on Jul 22, 2013

Contents added by Chintan Rathod on Nov 21, 2012

Hi Friends,

I searched for the actual error that has Eclipse problem for "NoClassFound".
I have fixed this by following.

------------------

Right click "project" -> Properties -> Java Build Path -> Order And Explort

------------------



Now, make sure that, you have "Checked" that external added "jar" file as you can see in the snap.
Make sure that order of that external jar file also same like displayed in snap.

Now, Run your project and enjoy.

Thanks & Regards
---------------------
Chintan Rathod

Contents added by Chintan Rathod on Oct 23, 2012

Following are steps for How to configure Proxy in "Run Configuration" when you are using emulator

Step 1:

Right click on "project" -> Run As -> Run Configuration



Proxy -> your internet access IP address
port    -> default 8080

Then click on "Apply".

Now, you can try to run web application in emulator, it will not give you any error regarding network connection.